The steps in the second messenger system:
- Start with a peptide hormone, like GH, binding to a membrane bound receptor.
- The binding causes a shape change and binding to a G-protein complex in the ICF.
- Inducing a shape change to the G-protein complex which releases GDP (guanosine diphosphate) from α subunit and binds to GTP. Causing α subunit with attached GTP (guanosine triphosphate) to break free.
- Α subunit then attaches to adenylate, cyclase inducing a shape change, which recruits ATP to attach to the AC.
- The AC brakes off two of the phosphate groups from the ATP to create cAMP (the second messenger).
- cAMP binds to PKA causing PKA (protein kinase A) to change shape
- When PKA changes shape it scoops up ATP and removes a phosphate group changing it to ADP.
- PKA then transfers the phosphate to key enzymes to induce mitosis.
This is the process peptide hormones go through to induce their effects on the body.
this post was well done i also found an article on line that states that peptide hormones found in the body can help reduce obesity and diabetes it is called gastric inhibitory polypeptide and is said to play a key role in metabolizing fat
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